Pigmentation Laser Treatment

Pigmentation laser treatment targets excess melanin in the skin, such as sun-induced freckling, age spots and some forms of pigmentation. Devices used include Q-switched and picosecond lasers and, for some superficial pigment, IPL.

How it works

Energy is delivered at a wavelength preferentially absorbed by melanin, in a pulse short enough to fragment the pigment without significant heat spreading to surrounding tissue. Fragments are then cleared by the immune system.

Important distinction

Not all pigmentation responds to laser, and some worsens with it. Melasma in particular is often aggravated by heat and light and is generally managed first with sun protection and topical treatment, with laser used cautiously if at all. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation frequently settles on its own with sun protection and time. Establishing which type of pigmentation is present is the whole of the decision.

Risks and limitations

Expected effects include darkening of the treated spots before they flake away over one to two weeks. Recognised risks include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, permanent hypopigmentation, blistering and scarring, and rebound or worsening in melasma.

Any pigmented lesion should be examined by a clinician competent in skin cancer diagnosis before it is treated. Lasering a melanoma delays diagnosis and is a serious, recognised harm.

Information on this page reflects NHS and British Association of Dermatologists patient guidance and current UK regulatory position. It is general information, not medical advice, and it is not a substitute for an individual assessment by a qualified clinician.