Breast Reduction

Breast reduction removes breast tissue, fat and skin to reduce size and weight, and repositions the nipple. Unlike most cosmetic procedures it is frequently done for physical symptoms: neck, back and shoulder pain, shoulder grooving from bra straps, skin irritation beneath the breast, and restricted exercise.

What is involved

• Anaesthetic: general anaesthetic.
• Duration: commonly 2 to 4 hours.
• Stay: usually one or two nights.

Recovery

A supportive surgical bra is worn for several weeks. Most people need two to six weeks away from work depending on how physical the job is, and avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise for around six weeks. Swelling settles over several months.

Risks and limitations

Scarring is permanent and unavoidable. The usual pattern is around the areola, vertically down to the crease, and along the crease itself. Scars fade over 12 to 18 months but do not disappear, and they may thicken.

Other recognised risks include altered or lost nipple sensation, difficulty or inability to breastfeed afterwards, asymmetry between the two sides, delayed wound healing where the incisions meet, and partial loss of the nipple or areola if its blood supply is compromised. Smoking substantially increases this risk.

Who it may not suit

Surgeons commonly advise waiting until breast size is stable, and until after planned pregnancy where breastfeeding matters, because pregnancy can alter the result. Breast reduction for symptomatic relief is sometimes available on the NHS, subject to local criteria which usually include BMI thresholds and documented symptoms.

Information on this page reflects NHS patient guidance on cosmetic procedures. It is general information, not medical advice, and it is not a substitute for an individual assessment by a qualified clinician.